Russia Nuclear Modernization: Coercive Deterrence and Strategic Messaging
December 27, 2025
In a December 2025 address, Vladimir Putin declared Russia’s nuclear forces “92% modernized,” showcasing high-tech weapons like the Oreshnik, Burevestnik, and Poseidon. With the New START treaty nearing expiration and Oreshnik missiles now deployed in Belarus, Moscow is leveraging strategic uncertainty and doomsday capabilities to deter Western interference and gain diplomatic advantage in Ukraine.